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Figueroa, J. 2012. Andean bear Tremarctos ornatus (Carnivora: Ursidae) presence in the Amazon tropical forest of Peru. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n. s.), 28(3): 594-606.ABSTRACT. In Peru, the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) inhabit primarily montain forest, between
1900 to 2350 m of altitude. In contrast, the records in the Amazon tropical forest (BTA), under 650 m
of elevation, are "rare". The presence of this species was evaluated in the BTA of the boundaries of the
Yanachaga Chemillén National Park with the Yanesha Communal Reserve (PNYC-RCY, 32.8 km),
during the months of February/2005 and July/2007, and the Amarakaeri Communal Reserve (RCA,
190.96 km) during the months of April-May and August/2008. In the first case, a relative abundance of
0.081 records/km during the rainy season and 0.829 records/km during the dry season. In the second, the
Andean bear was absent during the rainy season and of 0.032 records/km in the dry season. The presence in the BTA during the dry season, could be related to the consumption of palms (Arecaceae), because the
fruits that are the base of its diet in the montane and premontane forest are mature in the rainy season. In
addition, at PNYC-RCY, the BTA could be used as a corridor for the movement of the Andean bear to
other montane areas, taking advantage of the low water level on the river due to the lack of rain.
Key words: Andean bear, spectacled bear, amazon tropical forest, distribution, Peru.
"The elevational ranges of these two species in Peru and Bolivia do not overlap on the same mountain slope, but do for 900m of elevation if the entire Cordillera Oriental is considered. Here, jaguar can occur up to 1,500m in elevation and spectacled bears can descend as low as 600m in elevation (B. Peyton unpubl. data)".
Not exactly:DISCUSIÓN
Uso del bosque tropical amazónico
Peyton (1999) señaló que el oso andino no es residente permanente del BTA, siendo
encontrado raramente por debajo de los 650 msnm. En base a los resultados aquí presentados, se piensa que, si bien esta especie ciertamente no es residente permanente,
no se puede considerar rara su presencia en los BTA evaluados. En este trabajo se
Acta Zool. Mex. (n.s.) 28(3) (2012)
601
propone que el oso andino visita este hábitat de forma estacional, principalmente
durante la época de estiaje.
DISCUSSION
Use of the Amazon rainforest
Peyton (1999) noted that the Andean bear is not a permanent resident of the BTA (Amazon tropical forest),
rarely being found below 650 masl (meters above sea level). Based on the results presented here, it is thought that, although this species is certainly not a permanent resident, its presence in the BTAs evaluated can not be considered rare. In this work it is proposed that the Andean bear visits this habitat in a seasonal way, mainly
during the dry season.
Figueroa, J. 2012.
"Spectacled bears appear to avoid jaguar (Panthera onca), suggesting that jaguar might be considered a predator (B. Peyton unpubl. data)".This clearly appears not to be the case:
¿El jaguar limita la presencia del oso andino en el bosque tropical amazónico?
Anteriormente se señaló que el oso andino parecía evitar al jaguar, ya que sus rangos
altitudinales en el Perú y Bolivia no se superponían en la ladera de una misma montaña
(Peyton 1999). Sin embargo, en este estudio se determinó que en las mismas áreas
donde se registró al oso andino en el PNYC-RCY y la RCA, se encontró una alta
actividad del jaguar, presentando una mayor abundancia relativa que el oso. Incluso
en el PNYC, en un árbol de
Ormosia sp. (Fabaceae) se encontró marcajes de territorio
tanto del oso andino como de un felino, que muy posiblemente correspondería a un
jaguar.
Esto nos sugiere que la presencia del jaguar no influiría en el desplazamiento del
oso andino hacia y en el BTA, al menos en las zonas evaluadas y de forma directa.
Does the jaguar limit the presence of the Andean bear in the Amazon rainforest?
It was previously noted that the Andean bear seemed to avoid the jaguar, since its altitudinal ranges in Peru and Bolivia did not overlap on the slope of a single mountain
(Peyton 1999). However, in this study it was determined that in the same areas
where the Andean bear was recorded in the PNYC-RCY and the RCA, a high
activity of the jaguar, presenting a greater relative abundance than the bear. Moreover
in the PNYC, in a tree of
Ormosia sp. (Fabaceae) were found marks
left by an Andean bear and a big cat, the later very likely a
jaguar.
This suggests that the presence of the jaguar would not influence the displacement of the
Andean bear to and in the BTA, at least in the directly evaluated areas.
Source:
PRESENCIA DEL OSO ANDINO TREMARCTOS ORNATUS (CARNIVORA: URSIDAE) EN EL BOSQUE TROPICAL AMAZÓNICO DEL PERÚ
. 
